Methods in Java.

Method Kya Hota Hai?

Method Java mein ek block of code hota hai jo koi specific task ko perform karta hai. Jab bhi aapko kisi kaam ko baar-baar perform karna ho, toh use method mein daal dete hain.

Java mein har action – jaise print karna, calculate karna, ya display karna – ek method ke through hi hota hai.

Method Declaration (Syntax)

returnType methodName(parameters) {
    // method body
}

Example:

int add(int a, int b) {
    return a + b;
}

Yahaan:

• int = return type (method kya return karega)
• add = method ka naam
• (int a, int b) = parameters (input values)
• return a + b; = return statement (output)

Method Calling

Ek baar method define ho jaaye, toh aap use object ke through ya direct (agar static ho) call kar sakte ho.

Example:

class Calculator {
    int square(int x) {
        return x * x;
    }
}

class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Calculator c = new Calculator();
        System.out.println(c.square(5)); // Output: 25
    }
}

Method Signature Kya Hota Hai?

Method Signature = method ka naam + parameters ka type & order

int add(int a, int b) // method signature: add(int, int)

• Return type signature ka part nahi hota.
• Signature compiler ko batata hai ki kaunsa method call karna hai.

Method Overloading in Java

Definition:

Method Overloading ka matlab hai ek hi method ka naam rakhna, lekin different parameters ke saath.

Same method name, different input = different behavior

Example:

class Print {
    void show(String msg) {
        System.out.println("Message: " + msg);
    }

    void show(int number) {
        System.out.println("Number: " + number);
    }
}

Output:

Message: Hello
Number: 100

How Compiler Chooses Correct Method?

Compiler check karta hai:

• Method ka naam
• Parameter ki count, type aur order

Agar exact match milta hai, woh method call hota hai.

Method Overloading Notes:

• Return type alag hone se method overload nahi hota.
• Parameters alag hone chahiye (type ya count).
• Overloading compile-time polymorphism ka example hai.

Invalid Example:

int show(int x) { }
String show(int x) { } // Not allowed (only return type is different)

Real-Life Analogy

Socho ek ATM machine hai:

• withdraw(int amount) – withdraw fixed amount
• withdraw(int amount, String mode) – withdraw using mode like cash/card

Dono ka naam same hai, kaam thoda different. That’s method overloading.

Summary

1. Method Declaration: Kaise method define hota hai
2. Method Signature: Name + parameters (type & order)
3. Method Overloading: Same method name, different parameters
4. Not Overloading: Agar sirf return type alag ho